Dinoflagellates are single-celled organisms with biomorphic structures that exhibit geometric symmetry. Their morphogenesis reflects algorithmic processes, aligning with hypotheses about the computational basis of natural phenomena, such as the digital simulation theory of the universe. Their protective shells (thecae) are adorned with pentagonal and spiral patterns, forming intricate ridges and spines that demonstrate the mathematical nature of self-similarity.
The bioluminescence of dinoflagellates results from the oxidation of luciferin, catalyzed by luciferase, producing a blue glow. This light emission is governed by nonlinear dynamic processes. Dinoflagellates produce potent toxins, such as saxitoxin and brevetoxin, which cause the phenomenon known as “red tide,” leading to mass marine life deaths and even human poisoning. Fossils of dinoflagellates date back over 200 million years. They survived the extinction of the dinosaurs and have even been sent into space for scientific research.
